xia的小窩

一起來coding和碼字吧

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容器控件

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文章字數： 451 所需閱讀時間 ≈ 2 分鐘

框架

先試著弄出框架

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from tkinter import *


root = Tk()
root.title("python-tkinter")
root.geometry("600x600")
root.config(bg = "lightgreen")

for fm in ["red", "green", "lightblue"]:
    Frame(root, bg = fm, height = 200, width = 500).pack()

root.mainloop()

結果

加上滑鼠花樣 

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fms = {"red":"cross", "green":"boat", "blue":"clock"}
for fmcolor in fms:
    Frame(root, bg = fmcolor, cursor = fms[fmcolor],
          height = 200, width = 200).pack(side = LEFT)

結果

活用relief屬性

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fm1 = Frame(width = 200, height = 200, relief = GROOVE, borderwidth = 5)
fm1.pack(side = LEFT, padx = 5, pady = 10)

fm2 = Frame(width = 200, height = 200, relief = RAISED, borderwidth = 5)
fm2.pack(side = LEFT, padx = 5, pady = 10)

fm3 = Frame(width = 200, height = 200, relief = RIDGE, borderwidth = 5)
fm3.pack(side = LEFT, padx = 5, pady = 10)

結果

建構內部核取方塊

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fm = Frame(width = 200, height = 200, relief = RAISED, borderwidth = 5)

lab = Label(fm, text = "程式語言")
lab.pack()

py = Checkbutton(fm, text = "Python")
py.pack(anchor = W)

c = Checkbutton(fm, text = "c")
c.pack(anchor = W)

rb = Checkbutton(fm, text = "ruby")
rb.pack(anchor = W)

js = Checkbutton(fm, text = "javascript")
js.pack(anchor = W)

fm.pack(padx = 10, pady = 10)

結果

標籤框架

  1. 也是一個容器widget控件
  2. 將剛才的程式碼修改
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    from tkinter import *

    def prlan():
        sel = ""
        for i in check:
            if check[i].get() == True:
                sel += lan[i] + "\t"
        print(sel)

    root = Tk()
    root.title("python-tkinter")
    root.geometry("600x600")
    root.config(bg = "lightgreen")

    labFrame = LabelFrame(root, text = "程式語言")
    lan = {0 : "pyhton", 1 : "c", 2 : "ruby", 3 : "java"}
    check = {}

    for i in range(len(lan)):
        check[i] = BooleanVar()
        Checkbutton(labFrame, text = lan[i],
                    variable = check[i]).grid(row = i + 1, sticky = W)
    labFrame.pack(ipadx = 5, ipady = 10)

    btn = Button(root, text = "check", width = 10, command = prlan)
    btn.pack()

    root.mainloop()

結果

頂層視窗

  1. toplevel的基本概念
  2. 類似於Frame，但它是獨一無二的視窗
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    from tkinter import *

    root = Tk()
    root.title("python-tkinter")
    root.geometry("600x600")
    root.config(bg = "lightgreen")

    top1 = Toplevel()
    Label(top1, text = "測試用").pack()

    root.mainloop()
    結果

做出模擬對話框效果

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from tkinter import *
import random


def msgbox():
    msgtype = random.randint(1,3)
    if msgtype == msgyes:
        labTxt = "yes"
    elif msgtype == msgno:
        labTxt = "no"
    else:
        labTxt = "Exit"
    top1 = Toplevel()
    top1.geometry("500x500")
    top1.title("測試")
    Label(top1, text = labTxt).pack(fill = X, expand = True)

root = Tk()
root.title("python-tkinter")
root.geometry("600x600")
root.config(bg = "lightgreen")

msgyes, msgno, msgexit = 1, 2, 3

btn = Button(root, text = "點擊", command = msgbox)
btn.pack()

root.mainloop()

結果